Is antisocial behaviour by children and young people caused by poor moral choices or brain damage? The question may sound stark, but the answer has profound consequences for policy and practice, affecting everything from the structure of the criminal justice system, through to how professionals are trained. Yet an understanding of neuroscience isnot a pre-requisite for working with the young, and faced with a surge in youth crime, politicians are quick to propose ever-tougher sanctions. So why do brains matter? Scanning technology is...